Paper Title
A Review Of Current Barriers (Real And Perceived) To Off-Site Construction

Abstract
Off-site construction methods, such as prefabrication and modularisation, offer a means to improve quality and efficiency in the construction sector. Despite numerous investigations into the activity reporting favourable outcomes, including reduction in time requirements, improvements in quality, leaner production, reduction in cost, and improvements in productivity, significant real and perceived barriers to the uptake of off-site construction methods exist. Based on the results of a literature review conducted as part of a doctoral project, this paper presents that cost, lack of flexibility, regulatory uncertainties, and a lack of awareness and expertise generally underpin resistance towards the adoption of off-site construction among clients, financial institutions, and residential construction companies. Keywords- Engineering project management, literature review, off-site construction barriers