Paper Title
Exploring the Correlation Between Street Dust and Environmental Factors Using Redundancy Analysis

Abstract
Road dust is a significant contributor to primary particulate pollution nationwide. To mitigate road dust, the Taiwanese government has implemented street washing and sweeping operations to reduce particulate matter dispersion caused by vehicle movement and mechanical disturbances. However, current methods for evaluating street pollution levels primarily rely on visual inspections and sampling analyses, which are not only subjective but also time- and resource-intensive. The accumulation rate of road dust are influenced by various environmental factors, including nearby emission sources, weather conditions, administrative regions, and traffic patterns. Understanding the relationship between these environmental factors and street dust accumulation could pave the way for the development of an objective and cost-effective road pollution assessment method.This study categorizes street dust sampling data into three main types: (1) dust collected before street washing, (2) dust reduction achieved through washing and sweeping (3) next-day dust accumulation following street washing. These categories are analyzed to examine long-term dust accumulation, the effectiveness of street cleaning operations, and short-term dust recovery rates. Environmental factors are also collected and analyzed for their correlations with the three dust data categories, and insignificant factors are excluded. Principal component analysis is then applied to extract key indicative factors from the significant variables, which are integrated into a comprehensive assessment index. Finally, redundancy analysis is employed to explore causal relationships between street dust and the indicative environmental factors.The findings reveal a positive correlation between both long-term and short-term dust accumulation and nearby emission sources, as well as recent air quality conditions. Conversely, administrative region factors exhibit a notable negative correlation with dust accumulation. Regarding the efficiency of street cleaning, relative humidity is found to have a positive correlation with cleaning effectiveness under non-rainy conditions. Keywords - Road Dust , Environmental factors, Principal Component Analysis, Redundancy Analysis