Paper Title
ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE

Abstract
Ischemic heart disease (IHD), also known as coronary artery disease (CAD), is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. It occurs due to reduced blood flow to the myocardium, primarily caused by atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries. This paper outlines the pathophysiology, risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnostic tools, treatment strategies, and preventive measures associated with IHD. Current evidence suggests that lifestyle modifications, pharmacological therapies, and surgical interventions can significantly improve outcomes.