Paper Title
ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE AND GENOMIC INSTABILITY IN THE ALGERIAN POPULATION

Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive degenerative disorder of the brain and is the commonest form of dementia. To date there is no reliable and conclusive non-invasive diagnostic test that can identify individuals for susceptibility risk to Alzheimer’s disease. There is an increasing interest in the evaluation of chromosome damage markers within the somatic cells of neurodegeneration patients. Genome damage could lead to altered gene dosage and gene expression as well as contribute to the risk of accelerated cell death in neuronal tissue. In this study, we performed the buccal MN cytome test in a group of people with and without Alzheimer diseases in order to better understand the link between genomic instability and neurological disorders.A buccalcytome assay was used to measure ratios of buccal cell populations and micronuclei in clinically diagnosed Alzheimer’s patients compared to age and gender matched controls. Frequencies of differenciated cells (p=0,006) were found to be significantly lower in Alzheimer’s patients. While, frequencies of nuclear buds (p=0,041), karyolitic cells (p=0,0009) and karyorrhectic cells (p=0,002) were found to be significantly higher in Alzheimer’s patients. These changes may reflect alterations in the cellular kinetics or structural profile of the buccal mucosa, and may be useful as potential biomarkers in identifying individuals with a high risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease. Future studies should involve larger sample sizes and explore additional biomarkers to validate and expand upon our findings. Keywords - Genomic Instability; Buccal Micronucleus Cytome; Alzheimer’s Disease