Paper Title
Green Surface Functionalization of Composite Materials Via Facile and Economical Procedure for Antiviral and Antibacterial Applications

Abstract
Pandemics and microbial resistance have emerged as critical challenges in global health, underscoring the urgent need for innovative solutions to prevent the transmission of infectious agents. The COVID-19 pandemic, along with the rise of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, has highlighted the vulnerability of our public spaces and healthcare facilities, where contaminated surfaces serve as breeding grounds for the transmission and genetic evolution of these pathogens. In response to this pressing issue, there is a growing demand for the development of antibacterial and antiviral surfaces that can effectively curb the spread of harmful microbes. To address this need, we have developed novel green surfaces with dual bactericidal and antiviral properties. Utilizing a facile and versatile coating of the natural polymer polydopamine, we have created a platform capable of binding a wide range of antiviral and antibacterial compounds. These functionalized surfaces have demonstrated high efficacy against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, proving their potential as a robust defense mechanism in various settings. Furthermore, the surfaces were rigorously tested for their ability to bind and deactivate viruses, including SARS-CoV-2 and influenza viruses, yielding positive results that underscore their antiviral capabilities. The significance of these coatings lies not only in their effectiveness but also in their economic viability and ease of production, making them suitable candidates for large-scale commercialization. By integrating these advanced coatings into public spaces and healthcare environments, we can take a proactive step toward preventing the spread of infectious diseases and combating the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance. These innovations are crucial for safeguarding public health in the face of future pandemics and the ongoing challenge of microbial resistance.