Paper Title
Lean Healthcare: Failed Theory or Failed Translation From Manufacturing?

Abstract
The adoption of business techniques across industries and sectors is a common practice. The healthcaresector worldwide has begun adopting the lean technique, which originated in the manufacturing realm; however, a few barriers and challenges remain. One major barrier is staff resistance faced upon its introduction. This study attributes this resistance to a misconception of the concept of lean and the complexity of adopted Japanese/manufacturing terminology. This work aims to reconcile the multifarious concept of the customer in healthcare by systematically translating the elements of Value Stream Mapping (VSM) from manufacturing (i.e. the origin of this tool) to healthcare. This translation facilitates the implementation of lean healthcare practices and enhance the effectiveness of various lean tools in healthcare. Keywords - Lean Manufacturing, Lean Healthcare, Healthcare Management, Kaizen, Value Stream Mapping