Paper Title
AGE AND AS A MODERATOR BETWEEN PERCEIVED SOCIAL SUPPORT AND HRQOL IN PATIENTS WITH HF IN DIFFERENT COUNTRY

Abstract
Abstract:- Background: Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in heart failure (HF) patients is a multidimensional construct perceived through the lens of culture. Predictors of HRQOL are not well known in older HF patients from different cultures. It is important to examine the diversity of HRQOL in older population in order to develop a target intervention for older HF patients from Taiwan and the United States. Specific Aims: To determine the age and country interaction effect between psychosocial factors and HRQOL in patients with HFfrom Taiwan and the United States. Methods: Patients with HF were recruited from outpatient clinics from both Taiwan and the U. S. The HRQOL and perceived social support were measured using the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ) and the Revised Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS-R) respectively. PROCESS macro model 3 was uses to analyze the moderation effects of age between different countries, a continuous independent variable (X) PSSS-R, a continuous dependent variable (Y) MLHFQ, a categorical moderator (W) Country, and a continuous moderator (Z) Age. Results: Four hundred and eight-nine HF patients [224(45.8%) Taiwanese, 61.7± 13.0 yrs., 344(70.3%) male, 203(41.5%) III/IV NYHA functional class, 197(40.3%) preserved LV systolic function] were recruited in the current study. The regression coefficient for XMW is statistically significant, b7=0.030, t (455) =2.146, p=.032, meaning that there is evidence of a three-way interaction between perceived social support, age, and country. Conclusions: The study found a significant three-way interaction between perceived social support, age, and country among patientswith HF.The study highlights the importance of tailoring interventions for heart failure patients based on their perceived social support, age, and country. Cultural considerations and age-specific interventions should be considered to improve patient outcomes. A holistic care approach that addresses multiple factors is essential in managing heart failure effectively. Keywords - Heart Failure; Perceived Social Support; Health Related Quality Of Life