Paper Title
An Investigation of Chinese-Translated Mathematical Anxiety Rating Scale in College Mathematical E-Learning

Abstract
Mathematical anxiety is a common emotional problem which happens commonly in college students� learning process, and influences their learning performance, motivation of mathematical thinking, learning attitude, and concentration. Thus, to evaluate students� status of mathematical anxiety is important for instructors to understand students� learning situation and to improve instructional material design. However, even though several types of math anxiety scales are already well-developed in English, there is a lack of math anxiety scale for college math in Chinese. This paper aimed to translate Revised Math Anxiety Rating Scale (MARS-R) into Chinese through a careful process, and exam its construct validity, criterion-related validity, internal consistency, and stability. The Chinese MARS-R will provide instructors a useful tool to understand students� intrinsic learning situation. Keywords- Chinese Revised Mathematical Anxiety Rating Scale (Chinese MARS-R), college math and calculus