Paper Title
MICROPROPAGATION AND GREEN SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES BY USING CURCUMA CAESIA RHIZOME

Abstract
The rhizomes of Curcuma caesia Roxb. (zingiberacea) which is commonly known as Black Turmeric, traditionally used in treatment of various ailments and metabolic disorders like leukoderma, asthma, tumours, piles, bronchitis, etc. in Indian system of medicine. Micropropagation is a method used to reproduce plants asexually, ensuring that offspring plants are genetically identical to the parent plant. This technique can be useful for conserving and propagating rare or valuable plant species like Black Turmeric. The synthesis of silver nanoparticles from Black Turmeric might indicate that the plant has compounds with reducing and stabilizing properties. . The qualitative analysis of pytochemicals present in the leaf callus extracts Curcuma caesia of under study showed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, flavanoids, polysterols, phenols, saponins, coumarins, resins, sterol, carbohydrate and polysaccharides.From SEM analysis it is found that the size of the silver nanoparticles ranging from 22-25 nm. Screening test of leaf callus extracts of Curcuma caesia under study shows antibacterial activity against staphyloeoccus aureus. Excherichia eoli, klebsiella pneumonia. Lucobdeilli and proteus mirubilla and compared it with Tetracycline and antifungal activity against Mucor indicus. Rhizopus stolonifer and Aspergillus niger and compared with Ketoconazole. In antibacterial screening of, Silver nanoparticle extract of leaf callus showed significantly higher activity compared to other extracts of plant. Thin layer Chromatography analysis of crude extract of leaf callus in methanol ethyl acetate chloroform and petroleum ether extracts gave different Rf values shows the presence of various compounds. In the brine shrimp test, the silver nanoparticle extracts of curcuma caesia under study exhibited maximum inhibition. LC 50 values ranged from 12.0088 µg/ml to 15.51 µg/ml. The LC 50 value of silver nanoparticle in 0.25 µg/ml is 0.1425 µg/ml silver nanoparticle shows high cytotoxic effect when compared to other extract. The results of these analyses and tests can provide valuable insights into the properties and potential uses of Curcuma caesia. They support research into harnessing its properties for medicinal, antimicrobial, or other applications. Additionally, it underscores the importance of conserving and studying plant species with unique and potentially beneficial characteristics.