Paper Title
NEWSPAPER MANAGEMENT IN EUROPE AND NORTH AMERICA AND BUSINESS SUSTAINABILITY

Abstract
Abstract - The digital era have opened doors for countless opportunities for publishing organizations and journalists as well as increase the number of challenges, namely related with the business model sustainability. The media companies’ management are facing a variety of profound and disruptive challenges that come to greatly challenge various media industry’s rationale. This paper intend to understand media business models sustainability and challenges and how managers are reacting and adapting their practices in this industry in digital transformation and progressively more competitive market. So, the main question of this work is: Which are the main strategies and management practices that newspapers companies are implementing in order to find sources of incomes and sustainable business models? This papers is based 6 interviews (out of a total of 90) made to North American Newspaper Companies’ Executives (United States of American and Canada), upon the international conference the World News Media Association (WAN-IFRA), that took place in May 2018, in Estoril (Lisbon, Portugal). This way, such work is an integral part of the many activities and outputs made in the context of the PIMENED (Project Innovation in Mentorship, News Entrepreneurship and Digital) project, taken place in the Arts and Humanities Faculty, of University of Porto, and financed by Portugal 2020 Program, in partnership in Columbia Institute for Tele-Information, at Columbia University Business School. Keywords - Business, Incomes, Management, Market, Newspaper, and Sustainability