Paper Title
The Comparison of Build-up Indices on Sentinel-2 Imagery: Urban and Rural Area

Abstract
Abstract - This study compares the Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI), Built-up Area Extraction (BAE), and New Built-up Index (NBI) using satellite data to identify and quantify built-up areas in both urban and rural regions. High-resolution satellite images, Sentinel-2, of study areas were collected and preprocessed to enhance their quality and accuracy. The three indices were then calculated and compared based on their accuracy and effectiveness in detecting built-up areas. Results revealed that while all three indices were effective in identifying built-up areas, the NBI was the most accurate and effective in both urban and rural areas, followed by the BAE and NDBI. The study highlights the importance of selecting appropriate indices based on the characteristics of the study area and provides valuable insights into the strengths and weaknesses of different indices. Overall, this research demonstrates the potential of remote sensing and satellite data for mapping and monitoring built-up areas and provides guidance for future research in both urban and ruralareas. Keywords - NDBI, NBI, BAE, Setinel-2, building extraction.