Paper Title
Effects of Different Squats to 1RM and CMJ

Abstract
Purpose: The effects of squat exercises can vary by differences in knee flexion angle, resulting in partial, parallel, and full squats. This study evaluated whether heavy squat hold (H-SQ-H) training enhances one-repetition maximum (1RM) and countermovement jump (CMJ) performance compared with squat resistance training with other knee flexion angles. Methods: A total of 36 participants completed half squat (H-SQ), parallel squat (P-SQ), full squat (F-SQ), or H-SQ-H training. The Gym Aware linear position transducer was used to compare the participants’ 1RM and CMJ performance before and after 4 weeks of training as well as changes in their body weight, muscle mass, and body fat weight and percentage through analyses of variance. Results: The F-SQ group exhibited significant differences in body fat between the pretest and posttest (P = .043). The pretest-to-posttest 1RM parameters exhibited significant differences in the H-SQ group (F =23.503, P =.001), P-SQ group (F = 9.503, P =.012), and H-SQ-H group (F =10.559, P = .014). The H-SQ-H group exhibited more improvement than the other groups did in 1RM, whereas the F-SQ group exhibited the most improvement in CMJ performance. The largest improvement in muscle weight was observed in the F-SQ group, followed by the H-SQ-H group. Conclusions: H-SQ-H training can be prioritized by coaches for 1RM enhancement, and F-SQ can be considered for vertical power enhancement in short-term training. Keywords - Squat Exercises, One-Repetition Maximum, Countermovement Jump, Vertical Power.