Paper Title
Using Al2o3 Nanoparticles to Enhance the Characteristics of Effluent Water and Seawater Mix for Water Injection Application; Sandstone

Abstract
Recently, there has been a tremendous interest increase in nanotechnology applications and nanomaterials in the oilfield. In the last decade, the global increase in oil production resulted in large amounts of produced water, causing a significant problem for all producing countries and companies. This produced water deserves special attention on how it can be treated used for suitable applications without harming the environment such as water injection for Enhance Oil Recovery (EOR). This work aims to investigate a prepared compatible mixed water (seawater and effluent water) response to nanoparticles as a treatment for EOR water injection. Different mix ratios of seawater/effluent water (60/40,70/30) characterized by Inductive Couple Plasma (ICP) analysis, zeta potential test, and OLI software (the OLI Systems is a leader in aqueous chemistry). The work revealed the water mix with a lower effluent water ratio is more balanced and suitable for nanofluiod. Also, OLI predicted that the 60:40 mix needs to be adjusted around temperatures of 70 °C to avoid the mass accumulation of calcium sulfate and strontium sulfate. The prepared nano fluid was tested for interfacial tension (IFT) and wettability restoration for the sandstone rock; the Al2O3 nano fluid at 0.06 wt% concentration reduced the IFT by more than 16% with moderate water wet contact angle. The study concluded that the selected nanoparticle Al2O3 had demonstrated excellent performance in decreasing the interfacial tension with respect to the selected water mix type (60/40) at low nanoparticles wt%.