Paper Title
Sustainable Biomass Supply Chain For Thermal Energy Applications In Sri Lanka

Abstract
Solid biomass fuel has been the main source of thermal energy in Sri Lanka. It is the main source of cooking energy in domestic sector as well as thermal energy in commercial and industrial sectors due to accessibility and affordability. However, there is an increasing concern on the sustainability of the biomass supply chain, partly due to the increasing demand and reduction of supply sources, and partly due to the resource efficiency and environmental performance in all the life-cycle stages from growing to final energy conversion and disposal of residues. According, a national level programme has been initiated and is being piloted to address these issues, with a series of business models for upscaling. The programme comprised of four investment opportunity areas, namely Sustainable fuelwood plantation in 20,000 ha, Five biomass fuel preparation terminals across the country with total capacity of 100,000 t/year, Biomass energy technology deployment in the domestic sector (500,000 improved cook stoves) and Biomass technology deployment in micro, small and medium enterprise (100,000 Air dryers and hot water boilers). This progamme is expected to contribute to the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) of the country in greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation, while contributing to the economy through saving of foreign currency (reduction of fossil fuel importation), enhancing energy security, employment generation, and livelihood/social protection of the local communities. Keywords - Sustainable Fuel Wood Plantation, Biomass Fuels, Biomass Energy Technologies