Paper Title
The Development of Personal Learning Environments (PLEs) in Higher Education and Teacher Development: A Brief Introduction

Abstract
Personal Learning Environments (PLEs) are gradually gaining ground in higher education, facilitating learners to be masters of their own learning. As a new form of teaching and learning paradigm, PLEs had played an important role in teacher development as well. Traditional teacher education used institution-centered systems where teachers had little flexibility and could not learn at their own pace. This paper aimed to summarize and analyze the development of PLEs in higher education and teacher development worldwide, including the theoretical and practical application of PLEs. Future research trends in PLEs-based teacher development were recommended. Keywords - Personal Learning Environment, PLEs, teacher development, history, higher education.