Paper Title
Diabetes-Related Testicular Dysfunction and the Effects of Vincamine

Abstract
Diabetes mellitus causes problems of various organ systems, including retinopathy, neuropathy and nephropathy. However, patients may experience changes in their sexual function, such as decreased libido and fertility. Vincamine, a monoterpenoid indole alkaloid, has hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects. This study evaluated the effect of vincamine on testicular dysfunction in alloxan-induced male rats by measuring fasting blood glucose, oxidative stress, seminal analysis, and histological examination of the testis. The rats were randomly divided into the following groups: untreated-healthy, untreated diabetics, vincamine-treated (20mg/kg) diabetics, vincamine-treated (40mg/kg) diabetics, and clomiphene-treated diabetics (5mg/kg). On day 14, rats were sacrificed and semen/blood samples were collected. Sperm count, motility and morphological abnormalities were recorded by microscopic examination. The testis was examined histopathologically and evaluated using the Johnsen score. Compared to the untreated diabetic group, the 40 mg/kg dose of vincamine produces a significant reduction in FBC. In addition, the vincamine groups showed a dose-dependent antioxidant effect. Compared with the untreated diabetic group, vincamine-treated rats produced higher plasma testosterone levels and Johnsen scores. The results suggest that vincamine may have antioxidant activity and a potential preventative effect against diabetes-related reproductive problems. Keywords – Rat, Spermatogenesis, Diabetes Mellitus, Testis, Testosteron.