Paper Title
Development of a Gist for Differentially RegulatedGenes and Protein in Esophageal Adenocarcinoma

Abstract
The gastrointestinal malignancies contribute ~ 26% of the total global cancer incidence and ~35% of all cancer-related deaths. The esophagus or windpipe is an organ that is joined to the stomach on the lower side. The cancers of the esophagus are mainly of two types: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAD). Esophageal cancer (EC) is the 6th most common cancer in women. Incidences of EC are higher in men than women. In 2010, 395,000 people died from esophageal cancer worldwide, a nearly 15% increase from the previous year. We searched PUBMED using the keyword “Esophageal Adenocarcinoma” which led to 17,850 research papers. Further, those were filtered using Boolean operators such as “AND, OR, NOT” to find relevant research papers. We found >4000 differentially regulated molecules between EAD versus normal. Among these molecules, 2385 were upregulated (>2.0-fold, p<0.05) and 1851 were downregulated (<0.5-fold, p<0.05) in EAD as compared to normal tissues. We used the panther search engine (http://www.pangloss.com/seidel/Protocols/venn.cgi) to study different biological processes, molecular function, cellular components, protein class, and pathways involved in EAD. Among enriched molecular functions enriched include binding (GO:0005488), catalytic activity (GO:0003824), adaptor activity (GO:0060090), regulator (GO:0098772), transducer activity (GO:0060089), structural molecule activity (GO:0005198), translation regulator activity (GO:0045182), and transporter activity (GO:0005215). Among cellular component enriched were cellular anatomical entity (GO:0110165), intracellular (GO:0005622), and protein-containing complex (GO:0032991). Among biological processes enriched include cellular process (GO:0009987), biological regulation (GO:0065007), metabolic process (GO:0008152), response to stimulus (GO:0050896), and signaling (GO:0023052). Additionally, a molecule with transmembrane domain (TM) and signal peptide such as FLT1 was upregulated in EAD. Upregulation of molecules such as CDH17 found to be associated with poor survival in Esophageal adenocarcinoma as compared to low expression of CDH17. These molecules can be scanned using a database such as UALCAN to explore the association with survival of the esophageal cancer patients. Furthermore, the gist can be used as an initial platform to pick molecules differentially regulated between EAD versus normal. Conflict of Interest - None Source of Funding - SERB-TARE to MKK (Grant # TAR/2018/001054)