Paper Title
Effect of Different Chemical Pretreatment Methods on the Esterification of Sugarcane Bagasse by Citric Acid for Pb2+ Adsorption

Abstract
In this study, different pretreatment strategies of sugarcane bagasse prior to citric acid modification were investigated in terms of Pb2+ adsorption capacity. Pretreatment strategies included the use of NaOH, HCl and C2H5OH in various concentrations. In order to fundamentally understand how these pretreatment methods affect the modification of sugarcane bagasse by citric acid as well as the Pb2+ adsorption capacity of sugarcane bagasse, three main components of sugarcane bagasse namely cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin were isolated and esterified by citric acid under the same conditions. ATR-FTIR, XPS, SEM and an analysis of the number of carboxylic acid groups were used to investigate the physicochemical and chemical properties of the materials. Keywords - Sugarcane Bagasse, Pretreatment, Citric Acid, Esterification, Pb2+ Adsorption