Paper Title
Estimation of Reducible Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Model-Based Water Leakage Reduction by Pipe Replacement

Abstract
Currently, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are being concerned in many countries. Energy supply sector is the largest source of GHG generator. Water supply system are one of the massive energy consumers. Leakage reduction is the most appropriate method for overall GHG emissions reduction in the system. The strategy of leakage reduction is rapid pipe replacement. In Thailand, there are many pipe materials that were commonly used. One of them is asbestos cement (AC) pipe. AC pipes have been used since 1970s, so most current used pipes reached their service time that caused high leakage rate. Most AC pipes were often replaced with plastic type such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) as they have more durability and easy for transportation and installation. The aims of this research are to estimate reducible greenhouse gas from leakage reduction by AC pipe replacement with PVC and HDPE pipe during the service time of pipe at 30 years. Leakage reduction was estimated from model calibrated by EPANET calibrator program and GHG emissions in water supply system were estimated in accordance with life cycle assessment (LCA) with three different scenarios including original AC pipe, replaced PVC and HDPE pipe at same service time and time to failure 30 and 10 years respectively. The results indicate that replacement of AC pipe with HDPE pipe can reduce GHG emissions more than PVC pipe and HDPE pipe also has lower increasing rate of yearly GHG emissions generation. Keywords - GHG Emissions, Water Piping Network, Leakage, Pipe Replacement.