Paper Title
The Study of the Causal Relationship between Principals’ Positive Instructional Supervision and Teachers’ Teaching Effectiveness

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to analyze the causal relationship between principals’ positive instructional supervision and teachers’ teaching effectiveness. Research methods applied in this study include questionnaire survey called “Principals’ Positive Instructional Supervision and Teachers’ Teaching Effectiveness Inventory”. Participants are 992 elementary teachers in Taipei City. Data is analyzed by Means and Linear Structural Relationship. The main findings of this study are as follow: (1)The performance of principals’ positive instructional supervision is medium high; (2) Principals’ positive instructional supervision has positive and significant effects on teacher’s teaching effectiveness. According to the findings, suggestions for the implementation and further studies are proposed. Keywords - Positive Instructional Supervision, Principal, Teaching Effectiveness