Paper Title
Bubble-Generating Carrier Systems For Therapeutic Applications

Abstract
We have recently developed a few bubble-generating carrier systems forvarious therapeutic applications. We will first report a “Transformers”-like nanocarrier system that allows a poorly water-soluble drug such as curcumin to self-emulsify in the intestinal lumen, owing to the in situ CO2 evolution, to form nanoemulsions and then to be absorbed effectively, improving its oral bioavailability. Additionally, a carrier system containingNONOate and an anticancer agent CTP-11 isformulated. In an acidic, aqueous condition, NONOate decomposes and generates NO bubbles,triggering localized drug release; meanwhile, NO can be used to inhibit the expression of Pglycoproteinsin tumor cells to overcome the multi-drug resistance, enhancing the efficacy ofcancer therapy. An O2-generating system for the enhancement of the therapeutic efficacy ofdoxorubicin toward hypoxic tumor cells is also reported. Furthermore, a sustained H2S-releasesystem is established as a powerful therapeutic system for chronic wound healing in diabeticrats. Given the exciting advances that are mentioned above, we believe that these bubble-generatingcarriers may lead to significant technological breakthroughs in the treatment ofvarious human pathologies. Index Terms - CO2; NO; O2; H2S; bubble-generating system