Paper Title
Comparative Snp Analysis Mitochondrial Genome Exposes Genetic Diversity Of Barley Cultivars

Abstract
The present study was designed to: utilize single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the whole mitochondrial genome sequences generated via next-generation sequencing data for the characterization of barley cultivars, assess the effectiveness of this SNP approach at the molecular level compared to other approaches, test the theory of heteroplasmy and phylogenetic analysis. The analysis implicated of one wild (H. vulgare subsp. spontaneum) (SP) and seven cultivated barley (Hordiumvulgare subsp. vulgare) (VG) genotypes. The entire mitochondrial genome of eight barley cultivars were sequenced; about 60 million 100 bp paired-end reads were created for each cultivar from total genomic DNA using Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform. Sequences of each cultivar were separately aligned to the published barley mitochondrial reference genomes, and SNPs were recognized. The results indicated the efficiency of molecular marker SNP in distinguishing among barley cultivars and determining of unique SNP for six of eight barley cultivars. Finally, this study validated the heteroplasmic theory mitochondrial genomes.