Paper Title
Assessment of The Biological Effects of Some Anabolic and Androgen Steroids Used as Veterinary Drugs. A Molecular Docking Study

Abstract
Anabolic androgen steroids (AAS) are synthetic drugs obtained as derivatives of testosterone and their consumption is controlled in many countries. Is well known that veterinary steroids are often used by humans to enhance their physical performances but their metabolism, effects and side effects are not well understood. Within this study we use the molecular docking approach to assess the possible inhibitory effects of a few veterinary steroids (trenbolone, trenboloneacetate and epiandrosterone) on the human cytochromes involved in drug metabolism (CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6 and CYP3A4) and their endocrine disruption potential by evaluating their interactions with 12 distinct human nuclear receptors. Trenbolone and epiandrosterone are predicted not to binding to the active sites of considered cytochromes. Trenbolone acetate is able to bind to the active site of CYP2C9, CYP2C19 and CYP1A2 and it may influence the metabolism of co-administrated drugs and of some endogenous compounds. Trenbolone is predicted to strongly interact with the antagonistic conformation of the androgenic receptor. Epiandosterone is predicted to strongly interact with both agonistic and antagonistic conformations of the androgenic receptor and also to estrogen receptors alpha and beta, revealing its highly endocrine disruptor potential. There is not information concerning the effects of veterinary AAS on humans and computational studies may inform both athletes and professionals involved in their production and packaging, such as to be aware of their possible side effects.