Paper Title
Fecal Score And Microbial Composition Of Pre-Weaning Dairy Calves With Different Liquid Feed

Abstract
The objective of this study was to compare three different liquid feeding types (n=6 calves/treatment) on dairy calves fecal score and microbial composition. Treatments were (1) fresh whole milk, (2) expired ultra high temperature (UHT) milk, and (3) expired skim milk for six weeks. Eighteen holstein bull calves, approximatelly 3 d of age with 35 – 42 kg body weight were placed in individual pen to received different treatments. Fecal score include: consistency, pH, and colour were observed daily. Feces sampling were taken weekly for total anaerob, bifido, lactid acid, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella sp. population. Better fecal score and microbes composition were found from whole and UHT milk feeding calves. Keywords- liquid feeding, fecal score, dairy calves