Paper Title
Canonical Correlations Between Individual Self-Efficacy/Organizational Bottom-Up Approach and Perceived Barriers to Reporting Medication-Errors

Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to examine the canonical correlation between an individual self-efficacy/an organizational bottom-up approach set and perceived barriers to reporting medication administration errors (MAEs) among nurses. Methods: We surveyed 218 staff nurses in Korea. An individual self-efficacy factor consisting of knowledge about medication administration and clinical decision-making, and an organizational bottom-up approach factor was nurse-physician collaboration satisfaction. Perceived barriers to reporting MAEs contained reporting effort, administrative response, disagreement over medication error, and fear. Descriptive statistics, t-tests, analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and canonical correlations were used to analyze results. Results: Two canonical variables were significant. The first variate indicated that less knowledge about medication administration (-0.83) and a higher perception of nurse-physician collaboration (0.42) were related to higher disagreement over medication-error (0.64). The second variate showed that intuitive clinical decision-making (-0.57) and a higher perception of nurse-physician collaboration (0.84) were related to lower perceived barriers to reporting MAEs. Conclusions/Implications for Practice: Enhancing positive collaboration among healthcare professionals and promoting analytic decision-making supported by sufficient knowledge could facilitate reporting MAEs among nurses. Key words - Medication errors, clinical competence, social perception