Paper Title
Effectiveness of Moringaoleifera Seed Powder as Coagulant to Improve Water Quality in Some Riverine Sources Including Dammed Water Bodies

Abstract
This study helps to determine the some physicochemical and microbiological quality of water as well asthe risk associated with bacteria linked with fish in some major water sources in Ondo State, Nigeria. The principle adopted could be used to improve water quality of dammed water bodies meant for human use. The water sources studied were examined for some bacteriological qualities using a pour plate technique and physicochemical properties before and after the treatment. Bacterial and fungal isolates were identified by standard microbiological methods. The antimicrobial properties of Moringa oleiferaextracts for water purification purposes were determined using the agar diffusion method on Mueller Hinton agar cultures. Relatively higher microbial load was recorded in intestine, gut and skin of Tilapia fish samples analyzed during the study than Cat fish from the water sources.Bacterial isolates and fungal isolates obtained were identified by standard microbiological methods. Low 0.1g/10ml concentration of the defatted Moringa oleifera seed worked effectively by making the water less turbid and by enhancing the clarity of the water from the two rivers. Microbial load of contaminants were reduced from too numerous to count to 8cfu/ml×10-1 and 12cfu/ml×10-1 respectively per 0.1g/10mL upon the application of defatted and non-defatted form of Moringa oleifera seed powder. Similarly, 0.5g/10mL concentration of the plant source reduced the numerous microbial load to 2cfu/ml×10-1 and 1cfu/mL×10-1. Chloramphenicol served as the control. Moringaoleiferaseed powder clarifies for purity and reduce microbial population of water sources tested. Highest zone of inhibition of the extracts used was 18mm observed in Bacillus megateriumcultures and this could be optimized against pathogenic microbes. The application of this readily available natural product as part of water treatment technology would enhance a cheap, appropriate and sustainable solution for producing potable water especially in developing nations across the globe. Keywords - Coagulant, Moringaoleifera Seed Powder, Microbiological, Water Quality, Riverine