Paper Title
Elaboration and Characterizations of Graphene

Abstract
Introduction: The purpose of this paper is the development and experimental characterization of graphene thin films. Methods: 1. Sample development was performed by mechanical exfoliation from a single crystal graphite sample, HOPG (Highly oriented pyrolytic graphite), using an adhesive tape. 2. The characterization of thin layers of graphene has been made using X-ray diffraction to study structural properties. Results: This thin-film study has shown that the graphene layer obtained has a hexagonal structure and a preferential orientation along the axes (00l). It also made it possible to evaluate the different parameters such as the mesh parameters, the interrerectal distances and their corresponding (hkl). Moreover, the optical properties have been established with spectrophotometry such as transmittance and absorbance. Finally the electrical properties were studied by the Hall effect and good results were obtained. Discussion: With its unique characteristic properties, graphene therefore an extraordinary material by a wide range of recent applications in various fields such as large-scale assembly and transistors, sensors, transparent electrodes, solar cells, storage devices, and more. energy, integrated circuits. Finally, a development of graphene by the CVD method or by the epitaxy and doped and undoped with a characterization of the optical and electrical properties of this material opens a very interesting way of research. Keywords - Graphene, XRD , Module young , Hall effect .